templates in ABAP

Former Member · ‎08-18-2005

Hi,

I want a brief introduction to templates in ABAP.

I need to write a template which shall generate dynamic code. I am very new to this template concept in ABAP. Could some one please provide me good documents on how to write a template in ABAP or/and provide a simple sample program?

Regards,

Ravi

jayanthi_jayaraman · ‎08-18-2005

Hi,

Check this.

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/EN/35/2cd77bd7705394e10000009b387c12/frameset.htm

May be this can help you.

Former Member · ‎08-18-2005

Hi,

I am very badly in need of information regarding writing a template in ABAP.

Please provide me a simple sample program.

What is the meaning of *@ in a template????

Why is it used?

How do I generate code dynamically using a template?

Please answer and help me...

Regards,

Ravi

jayanthi_jayaraman · ‎08-18-2005

Hi,

I am not sure whether you are looking for this.

Basically, to generate persistent programs you can use:

INSERT REPORT <prog> FROM <itab>.

e.g.

REPORT dynamic_program_generation .

DATA: lt_code TYPE TABLE OF rssource-line.

APPEND 'REPORT ZMY_DYN_PROG.' TO lt_code.

APPEND 'WRITE / ''Hello, I am dynamically created!''.' TO lt_code.

INSERT REPORT 'ZMY_DYN_PROG' FROM lt_code.

For temporary program generation, you can use

GENERATE SUBROUTINE POOL <itab> NAME <prog> [<options>].

For more information, you can refer to F1 help for GENERATE and INSERT statements.

Former Member · ‎08-18-2005

Hi, not clear what's the template you mean here.

Can you explain the meaning in details for us?

Thanks a lot

Former Member · ‎08-18-2005

Hi Z gu,

The template I mean here is a program(generic code) which shall generate code dynmically.

Depending on the input that the program gets, it has to generate code dynamically.

Regards,

Ravi

Former Member · ‎08-18-2005

following is a template for example:

@--~~Template for generating CDS_READ_SERVICE~~--

*@

*@ DATA: LT_SEGM TYPE SMMW_CDS_SEGM_TTYP.

*@ DATA: LT_MAPP TYPE SMMW_CDS_MAPP_TTYP.

*@ DATA: WA_SEGM TYPE SMMW_CDS_SEGM.

*@ DATA: WA_MAPP TYPE SMMW_CDS_MAPP.

*@ DATA: LS_HDR TYPE MSB_HEADER.

*@ DATA: LS_MBOINFO TYPE SMMW_CDS_MBO_INFO.

*@ DATA: META_OBJ TYPE SMMW_GUID.

*@ DATA: msg_strname(40) TYPE C.

*@ DATA: memodblbin(40) TYPE C,

*@ memodbltxt(40) TYPE C.

*@

*@ META_OBJ = I_META_OBJECT(32).

*@

@ get MBO structure,version and sw component name

*@

*@ CALL FUNCTION 'MSB_GET_MBO_HEADER_INFO'

*@ EXPORTING

*@ IM_MBO_VERSION_ID = META_OBJ

*@ IMPORTING

*@ EX_MBO_HEADER = LS_HDR

*@ EXCEPTIONS

*@ MISSING_IMPORT_PARAMETER = 1

*@ NO_SUCH_MBO = 2

*@ MORE_THAN_ONE_MBO = 3

*@ OTHERS = 4

*@ .

*@ IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.

*@ MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO

*@ WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.

*@ ENDIF.

*@

@ get MBO information by calling API SMMW_CDS_GET_MBODATA

*@

*@ CALL FUNCTION 'MMW_CDS_GET_MBODATA'

*@ EXPORTING

*@ I_MBO_TRANS = META_OBJ

*@ IMPORTING

*@ SEGM_TAB = LT_SEGM

*@ MAPP_TAB = LT_MAPP

*@ MBO_INFO = LS_MBOINFO

*@ EXCEPTIONS

*@ MBO_ID_IS_INITIAL = 1

*@ PARENT_SEGMENT_NOT_FOUND = 2

*@ OTHERS = 3

*@ .

*@

*@ IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.

*@ MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO

*@ WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.

*@ ENDIF.

*@ msg_strname = LS_MBOINFO-MESGSTR_NAME.

*@ memodblbin = LS_MBOINFO-BMEMTABLE_NAME.

*@ memodbltxt = LS_MBOINFO-TMEMTABLE_NAME.

*----

CDS READ SERVICE

*----

This method has been generated
Never change it manually, please!!

*

Transaction: \LS_HDR-NAME\
Template : \I_TEMPLATE\
GenKey : CDS_READ_SERVICE

*

Generated on \SY-DATUM\ \SY-UZEIT\
by \SY-UNAME\

*----

CONSTANTS: LC_INSERT VALUE 'I',

LC_UPDATE VALUE 'U',

LC_DELETE VALUE 'D'.

DATA: LT_OBJ_LIST TYPE EXTRACTKEY_TT.

DATA: WA_OBJ_LIST TYPE SMMW_EXTRACTKEY.

DATA: LV_COUNT TYPE INT4.

DATA: RECORDS_NOT_FOUND TYPE BOOL VALUE ' '.

CONSTANTS: lv_sendbits(32) TYPE x VALUE

'FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF'.

*@ IF LS_HDR IS NOT INITIAL.

DATA: MBO_STR TYPE \msg_strname\.

*@ IF LT_SEGM IS NOT INITIAL.

*@ LOOP AT LT_SEGM INTO WA_SEGM.

declaring tables and workareas for segment : \WA_SEGM-SEGM_NAME\

DATA: LT_T\WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\ TYPE TABLE OF \WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\.

DATA: WA_T\WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\ TYPE \WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\.

DATA: WA_S\WA_SEGM-GEN_NUM\ TYPE \WA_SEGM-SEGM_STR\.

*@ ENDLOOP.

copy the extract key table to a local internal table.

LT_OBJ_LIST[] = OBJ_LIST[].

IF LT_OBJ_LIST IS INITIAL.

*...handle log here........

EXIT.

ELSE.

sort the table to delete adjacent duplicate entries

SORT LT_OBJ_LIST BY EXTRACTKEY.

delete the duplicate entries from the table before processing

DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES

FROM LT_OBJ_LIST

COMPARING EXTRACTKEY.

DESCRIBE TABLE LT_OBJ_LIST LINES LV_COUNT.

IF task EQ LC_DELETE OR task EQ LC_UPDATE.

IF LV_COUNT GT 1.

*.....bulk message is only for task 'I' not for task 'U' or 'D'.

*.....Hadle log here.....

OBJ_MISS[] = LT_OBJ_LIST[].

EXIT.

ENDIF.

IF TASK EQ LC_DELETE.

prepare MBO message for the Extract keys whose task is DELETE

*@ LOOP AT LT_SEGM INTO WA_SEGM WHERE HIERARCHY EQ 1.

@ if the segment is root segment only.

LOOP AT LT_OBJ_LIST INTO WA_OBJ_LIST.

WA_S\WA_SEGM-GEN_NUM\-TASK = TASK.

WA_S\WA_SEGM-GEN_NUM\-\WA_SEGM-KEYFIELD\ =

WA_OBJ_LIST-EXTRACTKEY.

WA_S\WA_SEGM-GEN_NUM\-EXTRACTKEY =

WA_OBJ_LIST-EXTRACTKEY.

APPEND WA_S\WA_SEGM-GEN_NUM\ TO MBO_STR-\WA_SEGM-SEGM_NAME\.

ENDLOOP.

*@ ENDLOOP.

task is not 'D'.

ELSE.

*@ SORT LT_SEGM BY HIERARCHY.

*@ LOOP AT LT_SEGM INTO WA_SEGM.

*----

select statement to fill segment: \WA_SEGM-SEGM_NAME\

*----

*@ IF WA_SEGM-HIERARCHY NE 1.

IF RECORDS_NOT_FOUND IS INITIAL.

*@ ELSE.

DESCRIBE TABLE LT_OBJ_LIST LINES LV_COUNT.

*@ ENDIF.

SELECT * INTO TABLE LT_T\WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\

FROM \WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\

FOR ALL ENTRIES IN LT_OBJ_LIST

@ For root segment compare extractkey with synckey

*@ IF WA_SEGM-HIERARCHY = 1.

WHERE \WA_SEGM-KEYFIELD\ = LT_OBJ_LIST-EXTRACTKEY.

@ For other than root segments compare extractkey with

@ extractkey only.

*@ ELSE.

WHERE EXTRACTKEY = LT_OBJ_LIST-EXTRACTKEY.

*@ ENDIF.

*@ IF WA_SEGM-HIERARCHY = 1.

IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.

all the extractkeys are invalid hence send all to OBJ_MISS.

OBJ_MISS[] = LT_OBJ_LIST[].

RECORDS_NOT_FOUND = 'X'.

ELSEIF LV_COUNT NE SY-DBCNT.

Not all the keys are invalid.atleast one key is invalid.

*@ LOOP AT LT_MAPP INTO WA_MAPP

*@ WHERE SEGM_NAME = WA_SEGM-SEGM_NAME AND IS_SYNCKEY EQ 'X'.

LOOP AT LT_OBJ_LIST INTO WA_OBJ_LIST.

READ TABLE LT_T\WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\

WITH KEY \WA_MAPP-SFLD_NAME\ = WA_OBJ_LIST-EXTRACTKEY

TRANSPORTING NO FIELDS.

*@ ENDLOOP.

IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.

APPEND WA_OBJ_LIST TO OBJ_MISS.

ENDIF.

ENDLOOP.

ENDIF.

*@ ENDIF.

process all the records to set the value for task field.

IF LT_T\WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\ IS NOT INITIAL.

IF task EQ LC_UPDATE.

WA_S\WA_SEGM-GEN_NUM\-SENDBITS = lv_sendbits.

ENDIF.

WA_S\WA_SEGM-GEN_NUM\-TASK = TASK.

LOOP AT LT_T\WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\ INTO WA_T\WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\.

move-corresponding WA_T\WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\

to WA_S\WA_SEGM-GEN_NUM\.

*@ LOOP AT LT_MAPP INTO WA_MAPP

*@ WHERE SEGM_NAME = WA_SEGM-SEGM_NAME AND IS_MEMO NE SPACE.

IF wa_t\wa_segm-tablename\-\wa_mapp-sfld_name\ IS NOT INITIAL.

*@ IF WA_MAPP-IS_MEMO EQ 'T'.

select the text memo content from the db table

SELECT SINGLE CONTENT

FROM \memodbltxt\

INTO WA_S\WA_SEGM-GEN_NUM\-\WA_MAPP-SFLD_NAME\

WHERE tablename = '\WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\' AND

tablekey = WA_T\WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\-\WA_SEGM-KEYFIELD\ AND

tablefield = '\WA_MAPP-SFLD_NAME\'.

*@ ELSEIF WA_MAPP-IS_MEMO EQ 'B'.

select the binary memo content from the db table

SELECT SINGLE CONTENT

FROM \memodblbin\

INTO WA_S\WA_SEGM-GEN_NUM\-\WA_MAPP-SFLD_NAME\

WHERE tablename = '\WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\' AND

tablekey = WA_T\WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\-\WA_SEGM-KEYFIELD\ AND

tablefield = '\WA_MAPP-SFLD_NAME\'.

*@ ENDIF.

ENDIF.

*@ ENDLOOP.

APPEND WA_S\WA_SEGM-GEN_NUM\ TO MBO_STR-\WA_SEGM-SEGM_NAME\.

ENDLOOP.

ENDIF. " table LT_T\WA_SEGM-TABLENAME\ not initial.

*@ IF WA_SEGM-HIERARCHY NE 1.

ENDIF.

*@ ENDIF.

*@ ENDLOOP.

ENDIF.

ENDIF. " Object list not initial.

*@ LOOP AT LT_SEGM INTO WA_SEGM WHERE HIERARCHY EQ 1.

IF MBO_STR-\WA_SEGM-SEGM_NAME\ IS NOT INITIAL.

MBO_MESSAGE = MBO_STR.

Filling Header of the MBO message if it is not empty.

DESCRIBE TABLE MBO_STR-\WA_SEGM-SEGM_NAME\ LINES LV_COUNT.

*@ ENDLOOP.

CALL FUNCTION 'SYSTEM_UUID_C_CREATE'

IMPORTING

uuid = MBO_COMM_HEADER-MESSAGE_ID.

MBO_COMM_HEADER-SWCV_NAME = '\LS_HDR-SWCV_NAME\'.

MBO_COMM_HEADER-VERSION = '\LS_HDR-VERSION\'.

MBO_COMM_HEADER-MBO_NAME = '\LS_HDR-NAME\'.

GET TIME STAMP FIELD MBO_COMM_HEADER-SEND_TSTMP.
This vale SEND_TSTMP filling involves some problem...

MBO_COMM_HEADER-SEND_USR = SY-UNAME.

IF LV_COUNT EQ 1.

MBO_COMM_HEADER-MESSAGE_TYPE = 'I'.

READ TABLE OBJ_LIST INDEX 1 INTO WA_OBJ_LIST.

IF SY-SUBRC = 0.

MBO_COMM_HEADER-EXTRACT_KEY = WA_OBJ_LIST-EXTRACTKEY.

ENDIF.

ELSE.

MBO_COMM_HEADER-MESSAGE_TYPE = 'B'.

ENDIF.

*@ ENDIF.

I dont understand the notation *@ here...

Why is it used??

Regards,

Ravi

Former Member · ‎08-18-2005

Hi Ravi

I studied about dynamic program generation some time back in a book which i'm not currently having.

But as far as i remember, we add the code of the program that is to be generated at run time, in an internal table.

And, for generating the program, we use the statement with syntax:

GENERATE SUBROUTINE POOL <itab> NAME <prog> [<options>].

I found something helpful for you, have a look ate the following links:

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/9f/db999535c111d1829f0000e829fbfe/frameset.htm

http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/9f/db996e35c111d1829f0000e829fbfe/content.htm

I hope it will solve your problem, if required i will send you a sample code (but i need a little bit time for it).

Regards

Ashish

andreas_mann3 · ‎08-18-2005

Hi Ravi,

i think you mean <a href="http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/d1/801aaf454211d189710000e8322d00/frameset.htm">pattern</a>

here's another (only in german) <a href="http://www.tricktresor.de/content/index.php?navID=168&aID=96">tricktresor</a>

regards Andreas