Hi Shruthi,
Order to cash normally refers to the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) process in which taking customer sales orders via different sales channels, such as email, internet, sales person, fax or by some other means like EDI, and then fulfilling the order, shipping, logistic and then generating an invoice and collecting payment for that invoice and then receipt.
If we consider the entire flow, this can be further categorized into the following seven sub-processes:
Customer presence
Order entry (creation of order/booking of order )
Order fulfillment
Distribution
Invoicing
Customer payments/collection
Receipt
In SAP terms it happens as following.
A customer orders some items from your company by creating a sales order (Tcodes: VA01, VA02, VA03, Tables: VBAK, VBAP etc).
Your company decides to deliver the items ordered by the customer. This is recorded by creating a outbound delivery document (TCodes:VL01N, VL02N, VL03N, Tables: LIKP, LIPS etc).
Once the items are available for sending to the customer, you post goods issue which reduces your inventory and puts the delivery in transit. This will create a material document. You will post goods issue using VL02N but the material document created will be stored in tables MKPF, MSEG.
You will then create shipment document to actually ship the items. (Tcodes: VT01N, VT02N, VT03N, Tables: VTTK, VTTP etc).
You finally create a sales billing document. (TCodes: VF01, VF02, VF03, Tables: VBRK, VBRP etc). This will have a corresponding accounting document created that will be in BKPF, BSEG tables.
When customer pays to your invoice, it will directly hit your AR account in FI.
You will have to remember that these are not a required sequence. Some times, you may configure your system to create a SD invoice as soon as you create a sales order or you may not create a shipping document at all. This is the position where Functional Consultant would come into picture and study the company's order to cash process and configure the SAP system to do so.
Hope this helps you. Le t me know if you need specific information.
Rgds
Manish
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