Hi,
here are the explanation about both:
A. Formula
Procedure u2013 Defining Formula as Source Type
1. Choose Properties u2013 Field, Content tab.
2. Select Formula in the Source Type field and make the required entries.
A formula source type field allows you to display the results of certain calculations, either built manually or with the Formula Editor.
To open the formula editor window choose Formula Editor.
4. To find the required field by its unique ID, enter the ID in Find Field.
The matching field is highlighted in yellow.
Fields from different areas can be selected as long as they are already calculated and located in an area above the calculation field.
5. To add a field to the formula in the formula area on the right side of the window, do one of the following:
- Double-click the selected field.
- Enter the unique ID into the formula area.
If you enter a non-valid unique ID, or modify the unique ID of a field used in a formula, the system generates a warning message.
6. To add numbers to the formula, enter them directly into the formula area.
7. To add operations to the formula, select the required operation from the Operation field and choose Insert.
B. system variable:
Procedure u2013 Defining System Variable as Source Type
A System Variable field contains a link to an actual variable found in SAP Business One.
To choose a system variable as the source type:
Select System Variable in the Source Type field and make the required entries. We recommend reading SAP Note 723783 before you define system variable fields.
Properties u2013 Content tab, System Variable fields
1. Variable No.
Enter the variable number.
Variables are unique to the specific document you are designing. To place a text field of System Variable source type, you need to know the variable number.
To display the variable number in SAP Business One:
1. From the menu bar choose View u2192 System Information.
2. Place the cursor on the field.
The system displays the field details on the status bar (located at the bottom left part of the screen).
The variable number assigned to the field is displayed as Variable = <number>
2. Comment
Enter a description of the variable. This text will not be printed.
Examples for using variable fields:
- Data calculated during the printing process or in the actual document, for example, the field Total Before Discount in sales and purchasing documents.
- Fields appearing as columns in a table, but which are not printed, for example, the fields Credit (SC), Debit (SC) and Balance (SC) in the General Ledger report.
For a list of additional variables available for printing in the General Ledger report, see SAP Note 867048.
For more detail just read the PLD pdf file that can download from
this link:
https://websmp108.sap-ag.de/smb/sbo/documentation
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