on 01-17-2008 9:43 PM
Hi All,
Can you please explain what's BOM and how much and how is it related to ABAP.
Thanks,
Rajeev
BOM is nothing but Bill of Materials. Let us take an example.
Pen is the Header material. Refill, pen top, bottom cover are components which is nothing but BOM of pen.
Bill of materials (BOM)
1. In the SAP System, you can use BOMs to represent different objects (such as materials, equipment, functional location BOMs, and documents) and to maintain object-specific data.
2. Document BOM: A complex document may be made up of several documents, such as a program, technical drawings, papers, and photographs. These related information and documentation objects are grouped together as a unit using a document structure a BOM for a document.
3. Equipment BOMs are used to describe the structure of equipment and to assign spare parts to equipment for maintenance purposes. Bills of material for functional locations group together the elements of a technical structure, such as the functional unit of an entire plant.
4. You work with order BOMs when you specially tailor the make-to-order production of your products to the requirements of your customers. In order to meet the customer requirements, sales order specific modifications to various assemblies are often required. Furthermore, assemblies are often specially constructed for a particular sales order.
5. Before you can create a BOM for the component parts of an object, the object must have a valid master record in your system.
6. A bill of material that you create for a material is known as a material BOM in the SAP System. A BOM explosion answers the question: What is the product made of? This question arises in various situations, such as when you want to:
Determine material requirements for a product
Look at the overall structure of a product in a design department
See an overview of the parts and materials required
Calculate the effects of changes to costs
7. BOM is a collection of materials that make up a product. For example computer, home theatre system. Material BOM is complex and is dependent on sales and distribution, material management or production planning.
8. The most important rule is that the material type has to be a FINISHED PRODUCT (FERT) in order to categorise it as a BOM.
9. BOM processing is divided into two different ways either at the MAIN item level if the item is assembled or at the sub-item level (i.e. at the component level) if the material is not assembled.
10. BOM is configured at the item category level (VOV7) and transaction code to create a BOM is CS01.
11. In case of single level BOM, main item categories TAQ and TAP should represent single level BOM in VOV7 and in case of multi level BOM, the main item categories should represent multi level BOM.
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The Material Ordered, Delivered and Billed consists of one or Several Components.
These components are called as Bill Of Materials
The Material Ordered by the Customer is referred as Main Item or Higher Level item. The Components are referred as Sub-items.
When we enter the Main-item in the Sales documents, the Components are automatically determined and this is called as expansion of Bill Of Materials.
In SD, we treat the processing of Boms in two ways.
Processing at Main-item.
Processing at the Sub-item
The Processing in both cases is controlled by the Item Categories and Schedule line Categories.
Step: 1
Prepare the Martial Master for all the Materials, which is main-item and Sub-item.
In the Material Master, the Item Category group of the Main-item is important.
We need to Maintain the item category group for the Main-items and sub-items as follows.
Scenario Main-Item Sub-Item
Processing at ERLA NORM
Main-item level
Processing at LUMF NORM
Sub-items
Item Category TAQ TAE
Schedule line CP CT
Category
Step: 2
Let us take Computer as a Bom. It has Varies parts like Mouse, keyboard, Motherboard, Ram, CPU.
Let us take Computer has the main-item, and sub-item as the rest.
Prepare Material Master. We have to Prepare Material Master for Main-item and Sub-items.
T-Code: MM01
First Prepare for Computer which is the Main-item.
In Sales: General/Plant. Maintain ERLA in the Item Category Group
Step: 3
Create Material Master for the Sub-item. That is for Keyboard, Mouse,
Motherboard, Ram & CPU.
In Sales: General/Plant. Maintain NORM in the Item Category Group
Step: 4
Create Material Bom.
T-Code: CS01
Step: 5
Create Condition Record.
T-Code: VK11
Maintain Pricing for only the Main-item
Step: 6
Create Sales Order
T-Code: VA01
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To Create a Simple BOM,
Transaction code : CS01
Material : Your Material code
Plant : Your Plant
BOM Usage : 1
Item Category Componment Quantity
0010 L Your Material code Your required quantity
Save your entries
You can used CS02 to changed the BOM and CS03 to display the BOM.
A bom WITHOUT A PLANT IS CALLED GROUP BOM.
Group BOM:
If you create a material BOM without reference to a plant, the BOM is valid throughout your company. To do this, you leave the Plant field blank. The system checks whether material masters exist. There are no system checks for plant data.
However, you can also create a group BOM, without reference to a plant. For example, a designer maintains a group BOM during the design phase of a product, then the BOM is allocated to one or more plants for production purposes.
Related BOM tables.
STKO BOM - header
STPO BOM - item
STAS BOMs - Item Selection
STPN BOMs - follow-up control
STPU BOM - sub-item
STZU Permanent BOM data
PLMZ Allocation of BOM - items to operations
MAST Material to BOM link
KDST Sales order to BOM link
Check this link for ABAP Reports for Production Planning
http://www.sap-basis-abap.com/abap009.htm
http://www.sap-basis-abap.com/abap010.htm
Check this link for Program Loads the Bill of Material
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/program-loads-the-bill-of-material.htm
Regards,
Maha
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