CO-PA:
CO-PA collects all the OLTP data for calculating contribution margins (Sales, cost of sales, overhead costs)
CO-PA also has power reporting tools and planning functions however co-pa reporting facility is limited to
Integrated cross-application reporting concept is not as differentiated as it is in BW.
OLTP system is optimized for transaction processing and high reporting work load has negative impact on the overall performance of the system.
Flow of Actual Values:
During Billing in SD Revenues and Payments are transferred to profitability segments in Profitability Analysis at the same time sales quantities are valuated using standard cost of goods manufactured.
In Overhead cost controlling primary postings is made to objects in overhead cost controlling and assigned to relevant cost object. Actual cost of goods manufactured also assigned to cost objects and at the same time performing cost centers are credited
The Production Variances calculated for the cost objects i.e. the difference between the actual cost of the goods manufactured and the standard costs are divided into variance categories and settled to profitability segments (example production orders).
What are the top products and customers in our different divisions. This is one of the typical questions that can be answered with CO-PA Module.
Characteristics are the fields in an operating Concern according to which data can be differentiated in Profitability Analysis.
Each characteristic in an operating concern has a series of valid characteristic values.
Profitability is a fixed combination of valid characteristic values.
Characteristics:
Some Characteristics are predefined in Operating concern like Material, Customer, and Company Code. In addition to these fixed characteristics we can define up to 50 characteristics of our own. In most cases we will be able to satisfy our profitability analysis requirements with between 10 to 20 Characteristics.
Value Fields:
Key Figures like revenue, cost of goods sold, overhead costs are stored in value fields.
Organizational Structure:
The Value fields and Characteristics that are required to conduct detailed analysis vary from industry to Industry and between Individual Customers.
In CO-PA we can configure structure of one or more operating concerns in each individual installation.
An operating concern is an Organizational Structure that groups controlling areas together in the same way controlling areas Groups Company’s together
Data Base Structures in CO-PA:
Actual Line Item table: CE1xxxx
Plan Line Items: CE2xxxx
Line Item Contain some information at document level that most cases is too detailed for analysis example CO-PA Document Number, Sales document Number, Posting date.
CO-PA Maintains summarization of data used by all CO-PA functions like reporting, planning, assessments, settlements and so on.
Actual Line Item table: CE1xxxx
Plan Line Items: CE2xxxx
Line Item Contain some information at document level that most cases is too detailed for analysis example CO-PA Document Number, Sales document Number, Posting date.
CO-PA Maintains summarization of data used by all CO-PA functions like reporting, planning, assessments, settlements and so on.
Segment Table: CE4xxxx
The Characteristics that describes the market are first separated from the rest of the line Items.
Each combination of characteristic vales is stored in profitability segment number. The Link between the profitability segment number and characteristic values is maintained in Segment Table.
Segment Level: CE3xxxx
The Value fields are summarized at profitability segment and period levels and stored together with these fields in Table CE3xxxx.
This table contains total values of the period for each Profitability segment number.
Storage Procedure:
We can compare an operating Concern associated by segment table and segment level to an Info cube. Info cube comprises Dimension Table Segment Table) and the fact table (Segment Level).
Unlike Fact table the segment level key contains other keys like processing type in addition to the key field from the segment table.
Characteristics in Info Cube correspond to characteristics (Or Attributes) in Info Cube.
Value fields can be regarded as a Key Figures.
Summarization level in Operating Concern have the same function as aggregates for an Info Cube, the difference is that aggregates for Info Cube are managed together with the Info Cube Itself while summarization levels are updated at regular intervals usually daily.
Line Items in CO-PA is comparable with Operational Data Store
Data Staging Overview:
To Provide Data Source for BW all CO-PA Data Sources must be generated in the Source System.
Data Sources can be defined at Operating Concern and client level.
Data Source contains the following Information
Name of the Operating Concern
Client
Subset of the Characteristics
Subset of the Value fields
Time Stamp which data has already been loaded in to BW.
Creating Data Source:
Since Data Source is always defined at operating concern and Client levels a standard name is always generated which starts with 1_CO_PA_<%CL>_<%ERK . We can change this name if necessary however the prefix 1_CO_PA is Mandatory.
Data Source-Segment Table:
Characteristics from the segment table are the characteristics that are maintained in transaction KEQ3.
By Default all characteristics are selected.
Data Source-Accounting Base:
When we generate CO-PA Data Source select accounting based option.
Fields KOKRS, BUKRS, KSTAR are compulsory.
There are no Characteristics available for line Items because accounting based data sources do not contain characteristics.
There are no value fields or calculated key figures available
KOKRS and PERIO must be selected as selection fields.
Hope it will helps you........
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