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FUNCTION MODULE READ_TEXT
Overview
The Function Module READ_TEXT provides a text for the application program in the specified work areas. It reads the desired text from the text file, the text memory, or the archive. The text must be fully specified using OBJECT, NAME, ID, and LANGUAGE. An internal work area can hold only one text. Therefore, generic specifications are not allowed with these options. After successful reading, the system places header information and text lines into the work areas specified with HEADER and LINES.
The function module has the following general form.
CALL FUNCTION 'READ_TEXT'
EXPORTING
CLIENT LIKE SY-MANDT DEFAULT SY-MANDT
OBJECT LIKE THEAD-TDOBJECT
NAME (NAME) LIKE THEAD-TDNAME
ID (ID) LIKE THEAD-TDID
LANGUAGE LIKE THEAD-TDSPRAS
ARCHIVE_HANDLE LIKE SY-TABIX DEFAULT 0
LOCAL_CAT DEFAULT SPACE
IMPORTING
HEADER LIKE THEAD STRUCTURE THEAD
TABLES
LINES STRUCTURE TLINE
EXCEPTIONS
ID = 1
LANGUAGE = 2
NAME = 3
NOT_FOUND = 4
OBJECT = 5
REFERENCE_CHECK = 6
WRONG_ACCESS_TO_ARCHIVE = 7
Description on Export Parameters
CLIENT Specify the client under which the text is stored. If you omit this parameter, the system uses the current client as default.
Reference field: SY-MANDT
Default value: SY-MANDT
OBJECT Enter the name of the text object to which the text is allocated. Table TTXOB contains the valid objects.
Reference field: THEAD-TDOBJECT
NAME Enter the name of the text module. The name may be up to 70 characters long. Its internal structure depends on the text object used.
Reference field: THEAD-TDNAME
ID Enter the text ID of the text module. Table TTXID contains the valid text IDs, depending on the text object.
Reference field: THEAD-TDID
LANGUAGE Enter the language key of the text module. The system accepts only languages that are defined in table T002.
Reference field: THEAD-TDSPRAS
ARCHIVE_HANDLE If you want to read the text from the archive, you must enter a handle here. The system uses it to access the archive. You can create the handle using the function module ACHIVE_OPEN_FOR_READ.
The value '0' indicates that you do not want to read the text from the archive.
Reference field: SY-TABIX
Default value: 0
Description on Import Parameters
HEADER If the system finds the desired text, it returns the text header in this parameter.
Structure: THEAD
Description on Table Parameters
LINES The table contains all text lines that belong to the text read.
Structure: TLINE
Description on Exceptions
ID The text ID specified in the parameter ID does not exist in table TTXID. It must be defined there together with the object of the text module.
LANGUAGE The parameter LANGUAGE contains a language key that does not exist in table T002.
NAME The parameter NAME contains the name of a text module that does not correspond to the SAP script conventions.
Possible errors:
• The field contains only blanks.
• The field contains the invalid characters ‘*’ or ‘,’.
OBJECT The parameter OBJECT contains the name of a text object that does not exist in table TTXOB.
NOT_FOUND The system did not find the specified text module.
REFERENCE_CHECK The text module to be read has no text lines of its own but refers to the lines of another text module. This reference chain can include several levels. For the current text, the chain is interrupted, that is, one of the text modules referred to in the chain no longer exists.
WRONG_ACCESS_ TO_ARCHIVE The exception WRONG_ACCESS_TO_ARCHIVE is triggered if an archive is accessed using an incorrect or non-existing archive handle or an incorrect mode (that is, read if the archive is open for writing or vice versa).
Functionality and Example
The READ_TEXT function module is used to read the texts associated with a document or for that matter any long text that is stored in the database. Any standard text can be read, particularly, the text linked to document, say, Sales Order, Purchase Order, Bill, Invoice etc. and several corresponding objects like Material, Customer, Vendor etc. In SAP, all the texts ( like standard text in SO10 / texts in any application ) are stored in tables STXH / STXL in a compressed format and cannot be read using a SELECT statement.
The table STXH is the standard SAP script text file header basically used for header level data.
STXH table where TDOBJECT = EKKO, TDID = F01, TDSPRAS = EN
The table STXL is the standard SAP script text file lines basically used for line item data.
STXL table where TDOBJECT = EKKO, TDID = F01, TDSPRAS = EN
If we wish to create our own text, the transaction SO10 can be used.
In the screen shots that follow, enter a meaningful Text Name, Text ID and Language and then click on the CREATE button to create the text. This would lead us to a standard text editor where the text can be entered. Click on the SAVE button to save the contents.
The READ_TEXT function module uses a set of parameters which will indicate what kind of text it is. Generally, the Text ID, Text Name, Object Type and Language are passed. Here are a few examples on what values each of the parameters can take.
OBJECT
EKPO - Purchasing Document Item
EKKO - Purchasing Document Header
EINE - Purchasing Info Record : Purchasing Organization Data
NAME
<EBELN> for header text
<EBELP> for line item text
TDID
For PO header – the values can be obtained from the table T166K
For PO line items – the values can be obtained from the table T166P
For Material Master / Sales Order, all the long texts will have a value for the above fields . The key of STXH has to be passed in full to retrieve a particular text. There should be a corresponding entry in STXH for each text created.
You should know the ID of the text you want to read and find out the text name in the program.
There are two ways in which the Text ID associated with a text can be determined.
•Go to a standard transaction say, ME23N (for Purchase Order) and then go to text header. Here, all the standard texts of the document can be seen.
Then, double-click on the long text and the system will open the editor where you can change the text and see the header data of this text.
Here, use the path Goto --> Header. The system would then display the following window with the details.
•Use the transaction code SE75 and choose the radio button option Text Objects and IDs.
Then click on the Display button to have the system display the list of Text Objects. Here, double click on EKKO or EKPO to find the ID and its corresponding description for the text.
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