Abap

4. In selection screen I have three fields, plant mat no and material group. If I input plant how do I get the mat no and material group based on plant dynamically?

AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR MATERIAL.

CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST' to get material and material group for the plant.

5. How do you get output from IDOC?

Data in IDOc is stored in segments, the output from Idoc is obtained by reading the data stored in its respective segments.

6. When top of the page event is triggered?

After excuteing first write statement in start-of-selection event.

7. Can we create field without data element and how?

In SE11 one option is available above the fields strip. Data element/ direct type.

8. How do we debug sapscript?

Go to SE71 give lay set name , go to utilities select debugger mode on.

9. Which transaction code can I used to analyze the performance of ABAP program.

TCode AL21.

10. How can I copy a standard table to make my own z_table.

Go to transaction SE11. Then there is one option to copy table. Press that button. Enter the name of the standard table and in the Target table enter Z table name and press enter.

1. What is the use of 'outerjoin'

Ans. With the use of outer join you can join the tables even there is no entry in all the tables used in the view.

In case of inner join there should be an entry in al the tables use in the view.

2. When to use logical database?

Ans. Advantage of Logical databases:

less coding s required to retrieve data compared to normal internel tables.

Tables used LDB are in hierarchial structure.

3. What is the use of 'table index'?

Ans .Index is used for faster access of data base tables.

4. What is the use of 'FOR ALL ENTRIES'?

Ans. To avoid nested select statements we use SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES statement.

If there r more than 10000 records SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES is used.

Performance wise SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES is better to use.

5. Can you set up background processing using CALL TRANSACTION?

Yes,Using No Screen Mode.

6. What are table buffers?

Table buffers reside locally on each application server in the system. The data of buffered tables can thus be accessed

directly from the buffer of the application server. This avoids the time-consuming process of accessing the database.

Buffering is useful if table needs to be accessed more no. of times in a program.

ABAP Technical Interview Questions:

1. What is the typical structure of an ABAP program?

2. What are field symbols and field groups.? Have you used "component idx of structure" clause with field groups?

3. What should be the approach for writing a BDC program?

4. What is a batch input session?

5. What is the alternative to batch input session?

6. A situation: An ABAP program creates a batch input session. We need to submit the program and the batch session in background. How to do it?

7. What is the difference between a pool table and a transparent table and how they are stored at the database level?

8. What are the problems in processing batch input sessions? How is batch input process different from processing on line?

9. What do you define in the domain and data element?

10. What are the different types of data dictionary objects?

11. How many types of tables exist and what are they in data dictionary?

12. What is the step-by-step process to create a table in data dictionary?

13. Can a transparent table exist in data dictionary but not in the database physically?

14. What are the domains and data elements?

15. Can you create a table with fields not referring to data elements?

16. What is the advantage of structures? How do you use them in the ABAP programs?

17. What does an extract statement do in the ABAP program?

18. What is a collect statement? How is it different from append?

19. What is open sql vs native sql?

20. What does an EXEC SQL stmt do in ABAP? What is the disadvantage of using it?

21. What is the meaning of ABAP editor integrated with ABAP data dictionary?

22. What are the events in ABAP language?

23. What is an interactive report? What is the obvious diff of such report compared with classical type reports?

24. What is a drill down report?

25. How do you write a function module in SAP? Describe.

26. What are the exceptions in function module?

27. What is a function group?

28. How are the date abd time field values stored in SAP?

29. What are the fields in a BDC_Tab Table?

30. Name a few data dictionary objects?

31. What happens when a table is activated in DD?

32. What is a check table and what is a value table?

33. What are match codes? Describe?

34. What transactions do you use for data analysis?

35. What is table maintenance generator?

36. What are ranges? What are number ranges?

37. What are select options and what is the diff from parameters?

38. How do you validate the selection criteria of a report? And how do you display initial values in a selection screen?

39. What are selection texts?

40. What is CTS and what do you know about it?

41. When a program is created and need to be transported to prodn does selection texts always go with it? if not how do you make sure? Can you change the CTS entries? How do you do it?

42. What is the client concept in SAP? What is the meaning of client independent?

43. Are programs client dependent?

44. Name a few system global variables you can use in ABAP programs?

45. What are internal tables? How do you get the number of lines in an internal table? How to use a specific number occurs statement?

46. How do you take care of performance issues in your ABAP programs?

47. What are datasets?

48. How to find the return code of a stmt in ABAP programs?

49. What are interface/conversion programs in SAP?

50. Have you used SAP supplied programs to load master data?

2. Adapted from response by Maram Roja on Tuesday, June 15, 2004

1. What are the techniques involved in using SAP supplied programs? Do you prefer to write your own programs to load master data? Why?

2. What are logical databases? What are the advantages/disadvantages of logical databases?

3. What specific statements do you using when writing a drill down report?

4. What are different tools to report data in SAP? What all have you used?

5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of ABAP query tool?

6. What are the functional areas? User groups? How does ABAP query work in relation to these?

7. Is a logical database a requirement/must to write an ABAP query?

8. What is the structure of a BDC sessions.

9. What are Change header/detail tables? Have you used them?

10. What do you do when the system crashes in the middle of a BDC batch session?

11. What do you do with errors in BDC batch sessions?

12. How do you set up background jobs in SAP? What are the steps? What are the event driven batch jobs?

13. Is it possible to run host command from SAP environment? How do you run?

14. What kind of financial periods exist in SAP? What is the relevant table for that?

15. Does SAP handle multiple currencies? Multiple languages?

16. What is a currency factoring technique?

17. How do you document ABAP programs? Do you use program documentation menu option?

18. What is SAPscript and layout set?

19. What are the ABAP commands that link to a layout set?

20. What is output determination?

ABAP Interview Questions

1.Without using Tcode SE11, How can we enter the values in to the table???

2.What is the difference between Collect statement and Append Statement???

3.What do you mean by correction and Transportation system???

4.What is the difference between User Exits and BADI????

5.How can we identify User exits in our screen???

6.What do you mean by Inbound and Outbound interface???

7.In realtime do we configure ALE systems or Administator will take care of that??

8.How to release an object???

9.What is the flow of a Sales document???

10.What is the flow of Purchase order???

12.What is the flow of Invoice???

13.What are the standard IDOC's used???

14.What do you mean by table control???Where will we use this???

15.What are field symbols??Where will we use these symbols???

Deepti

1. There are other ways of entering data into a DB table. ex. B D C

2. Collect statement collect/adds the records basing on a key field. allows to create summarised data sets.

Append will append/add a record at the end of existing records

8. to release an object - use se10/se9

9. sales doc flow: S. A. - S. O. - Delivery - Billing

12. Delivery - invoice.

15. field symbols are used for dynamic allocation. at runtime u can assign a concrete field to field-symbol.

Kishore

1. you can go to abap editor (se38) and use insert statement for insertion update for update and modify for modifications.

2. collect will not allow duplicate entries, while append can allow duplicates.

3. if any changes are made to objects they are to be transported to different systems i.e, change and transport.

4. in user exits we go by general method for enhancements while BADIs we use objects (oops concepts)

methods for enhancement.

14. table controls are enhanced version for step loops where we can expand rows .main difference between these two

is step loop can be expanded to two lines table controls can`t.

15. field symbols are just like pointers concept which are used in C language. We use them when we want to refer to

the fields considered,it doesnt allocate any memory for it.

Venu Rapolu

1. Ans: Using BDC., LSMW,,ALE., BAPI

2. Ans: Collect: it adds the numeric fields to the existing non numeric key field records., thereby avoiding duplicate

values., and append will simply adds the record

3 . Ans: The CTS contains work bench organizer and transport system :

The workbench organizer is used to record and contol changes to the ABAP/4 development objects;

The transport system is used to move objects from an SAP dev.system to production system

6. Ans: Outbound interface is used to send IDocs to the ALE server.,

Inbound interface is used to Analyse the received Idoc.

7. Ans: We (ABAPers) don't do.

8. Ans: se09 or se10

13. Ans: MATMAS

CREMAS

DEBMAS

GLMAST etc...

14. Ans: to display records in table format., we use in Screens

15. Ans: we assign the field content at run time with ASSIGN stmt.

Satish D

1. goto se16 u can view the table contents

2. collect will collects all the numeric fields of nonnumeric field values

append will append record at the end of table

3. when we are creatiing new task like dev. a new prg.. after completion of dev. that will be trnsported to testing system or production system to do that we are assigning an

transport request from our dev.class(system) by using se09

4. badis are dev. by class and inheritence methods where as user exitsdev by SAP only and empty shells filled wit user logic

5. go to system then status

6. outbound generating an idoc in ale layer with master_idoc_create_messgetype,

inbound is receivng system with idoc_inbound_process, gives an return variable wether it is sucess or not

7. no we have to configur that

8. go to se09 or se01 there write your task no and use release button it will asks whats the other system name

and number enter them and relase by pressing jeep button

9. inquiry

quotation

sales order

shipping

delivery

invoice

return goods

12. after creation of delivry note invoice is prepared

13. master_idoc_distribute will generate standard idoc

Deepti

I am enclosing some of answers which I know.

1. We can use t.Code SE16 to enter values into table only if table maintainence is allowed for that table.

2. Append will add new entries into the table where as collect add into the numeric type fields if other charatcer fields

matches to your selection criteria.

3. CTS used for creation of ABAP development transport requests.The transaction code for this is SE10.

4. UserExits r used for adding additional functionality to the existing SAP standard transactions.Using UserExits we can add additional functionality standard SAP functionality without making any changes to the original code.BADI is a standardized interface for ABAP sources that enables partners and customers to enhance SAP-delivered programs in their namespace.

5 .We can identify User exits by using transactions CMOD and SMOD.

6. After entering transaction code SE10 select the transport request which u want to transport and click on transport icon(Truck symbol) to release it.

10. Purchase Requistion->RFQ->Vendor Evaluation->Purchase Order(ME21).

14. Table control is the only facility provide thru dialog programming when we come acrosse the use of updating standared,deletion,insertion and all database operations.

15. Field symbols r pointers to the existing data types(like 'C') which does not allocate any memory space. These are used faster access of data.

Answers to some ABAP Interview Questions:

Questions which I have faced in an interview:

1) What is runtime analysis? Have you used this?

2) What is meant by performance analysis? Have done anything to improve the performance?

3) How to transfer the objects? Have to transferred any objects?

4) How did you test the developed objects?

5) What is the difference between SAP Memory and ABAP Memory?

6) In order to upload Purchase order details, how you handle multiple values for a single field?

Eg: Item field may contain no. of values for a record

7) What is the procedure you followed to upload the data?

😎 How did you handle errors in Call Transaction?

9) Among the Call Transaction and Session Method, which is faster?

10) What are the difference between Interactive and Drill Down Reports?

11) How to pass the variables to forms?

12) How to create a link between modified form and modified print program?

13) What is the table, which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms?

14) How did you test the form u developed? How did you taken print?

15) What are Standard Texts?

16) What is the difference between Clustered Tables and Pooled Tables?

17) What is pf-status?

18) Among "Move" and "Move Corresponding", which is efficient one?

19) What are the output type and Tcodes?

20) Where we use Chain and Endchain?

21) Do you use select statement in loop endloop, how will be the performance? To improve the performance?

22) In select-options, how to get the default values as current month first date and last date by default?

Eg: 1/12/2004 and 31/12/2004

Go thru these answers:

1) What is runtime analysis? Have you used this?

It's checks program execution time in microseconds. When you go to se30.if you give desired program name in performance file. It will take you to below screen. You can get how much past is your program.

2) What is meant by performance analysis? Have done

3) How to transfer the objects? Have you transferred any objects?

4) How did you test the developed objects?

I was testing a developed object. There are two types of testing

- Negative testing

- Positive testing

In negative testing we will give negative data in input and we check any errors occurs.

In positive testing we will give positive data in input for checking errors.

😎 How did you handle errors in Call Transaction?

We can create a internal table like 'bsgmcgcoll'. All the messages will go to internal table. We can get errors in this internal table.

Below messages are go to internal table. when you run the call transaction.

- Message type

- Message id

- Message Number

- Variable1

- Variable2

- Variable3

9) Among the Call Transaction and Session Method, which is faster?

Call transaction is faster then session method. But usually we use session method in real time...because we can transfer large amount of data from internal table to database and if any errors in a session. Process will not complete until session get correct.

10) What are the difference between Interactive and Drill Down Reports?

ABAP/4 provides some interactive events on lists such as AT LINE-SELECTION (double click) or AT USER-COMMAND (pressing a button). You can use these events to move through layers of information about individual items in a list.

Drill down report is nothing but interactive report...drilldown means above paragraph only.

11) How to pass the variables to forms?

12) What is the table, which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms?

Table contains vertical and horizontal lines. We can store the data in table as blocks. We can scroll depends upon your wish. And these all are stored in database (data dictionary).

Which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms? (I don't know).

13) How did you test the form u developed? How did you taken print?

14) What are Standard Texts?

16) What is the difference between Clustered Tables and Pooled Tables?

A pooled table is used to combine several logical tables in the ABAP/4 dictionary. Pooled tables are logical tables that must be assigned to a table pool when they are defined.

Cluster table are logical tables that must be assigned to a table cluster when they are defined.

Cluster table can be used to store control data they can also used to store temporary data or text such as documentation.

17) What is pf-status?

Pf status is used in interactive report for enhancing the functionality. If we go to se41, we can get menus, items and different function keys, which we are using for secondary list in interactive report.

18) Among "Move" and "Move Corresponding", which is efficient one?

I guess, 'move corresponding' is very efficient then 'move' statement. Because usually we use this stamtent for internal table fields only...so if we give move corresponding. Those fields only moving to other place (what ever you want).

19) What are the output type and Tcodes?

20) Where we use Chain and End chain?

21) Do you use select statement in loop end loop, how will be the performance? To improve the performance?

22) In select-options, how to get the default values as current month first date and last date by default?

Eg: 1/12/2004 and 31/12/2004

SAP ABAP interview questions

Thanks to the reader who sent in this question set:

1. What is an ABAP data dictionary?- ABAP 4 data dictionary describes the logical structures of the objects used in application development and shows how they are mapped to the underlying relational database in tables/views.

2. What are domains and data element?- Domains:Domain is the central object for describing the technical characteristics of an attribute of an business objects. It describes the value range of the field. Data Element: It is used to describe the semantic definition of the table fields like description the field. Data element describes how a field can be displayed to end-user.

3. What is foreign key relationship?- A relationship which can be defined between tables and must be explicitly defined at field level. Foreign keys are used to ensure the consistency of data. Data entered should be checked against existing data to ensure that there are now contradiction. While defining foreign key relationship cardinality has to be specified. Cardinality mentions how many dependent records or how referenced records are possible.

4. Describe data classes.- Master data: It is the data which is seldomly changed. Transaction data: It is the data which is often changed. Organization data: It is a customizing data which is entered in the system when the system is configured and is then rarely changed. System data:It is the data which R/3 system needs for itself.

5. What are indexes?- Indexes are described as a copy of a database table reduced to specific fields. This data exists in sorted form. This sorting form ease fast access to the field of the tables. In order that other fields are also read, a pointer to the associated record of the actual table are included in the index. Yhe indexes are activated along with the table and are created automatically with it in the database.

6. Difference between transparent tables and pooled tables.- Transparent tables: Transparent tables in the dictionary has a one-to-one relation with the table in database. Its structure corresponds to single database field. Table in the database has the same name as in the dictionary. Transparent table holds application data. Pooled tables. Pooled tables in the dictionary has a many-to-one relation with the table in database. Table in the database has the different name as in the dictionary. Pooled table are stored in table pool at the database level.

7. What is an ABAP/4 Query?- ABAP/4 Query is a powerful tool to generate simple reports without any coding. ABAP/4 Query can generate the following 3 simple reports: Basic List: It is the simple reports. Statistics: Reports with statistical functions like Average, Percentages. Ranked Lists: For analytical reports. - For creating a ABAP/4 Query, programmer has to create user group and a functional group. Functional group can be created using with or without logical database table. Finally, assign user group to functional group. Finally, create a query on the functional group generated.

8. What is BDC programming?- Transferring of large/external/legacy data into SAP system using Batch Input programming. Batch input is a automatic procedure referred to as BDC(Batch Data Communications).The central component of the transfer is a queue file which receives the data vie a batch input programs and groups associated data into “sessions”.

9. What are the functional modules used in sequence in BDC?- These are the 3 functional modules which are used in a sequence to perform a data transfer successfully using BDC programming: BDC_OPEN_GROUP - Parameters like Name of the client, sessions and user name are specified in this functional modules. BDC_INSERT - It is used to insert the data for one transaction into a session. BDC_CLOSE_GROUP - This is used to close the batch input session.

10. What are internal tables?- Internal tables are a standard data type object which exists only during the runtime of the program. They are used to perform table calculations on subsets of database tables and for re-organising the contents of database tables according to users need.

11. What is ITS? What are the merits of ITS?- ITS is a Internet Transaction Server. ITS forms an interface between HTTP server and R/3 system, which converts screen provided data by the R/3 system into HTML documents and vice-versa. Merits of ITS: A complete web transaction can be developed and tested in R/3 system. All transaction components, including those used by the ITS outside the R/3 system at runtime, can be stored in the R/3 system. The advantage of automatic language processing in the R/3 system can be utilized to language-dependent HTML documents at runtime.

12. What is DynPro?- DynPro is a Dynamic Programming which is a combination of screen and the associated flow logic Screen is also called as DynPro.

13. What are screen painter and menu painter?- Screen painter: Screen painter is a tool to design and maintain screen and its elements. It allows user to create GUI screens for the transactions. Attributes, layout, filed attributes and flow logic are the elements of Screen painter. Menu painter: Menu painter is a tool to design the interface components. Status, menu bars, menu lists, F-key settings, functions and titles are the components of Menu painters. Screen painter and menu painter both are the graphical interface of an ABAP/4 applications.

14. What are the components of SAP scripts?- SAP scripts is a word processing tool of SAP which has the following components: Standard text. It is like a standard normal documents. Layout sets. - Layout set consists of the following components: Windows and pages, Paragraph formats, Character formats. Creating forms in the R/3 system. Every layout set consists of Header, paragraph, and character string. ABAP/4 program.

15. What is ALV programming in ABAP? When is this grid used in ABAP?- ALV is Application List viewer. Sap provides a set of ALV (ABAP LIST VIEWER) function modules which can be put into use to embellish the output of a report. This set of ALV functions is used to enhance the readability and functionality of any report output. Cases arise in sap when the output of a report contains columns extending more than 255 characters in length. In such cases, this set of ALV functions can help choose selected columns and arrange the different columns from a report output and also save different variants for report display. This is a very efficient tool for dynamically sorting and arranging the columns from a report output. The report output can contain up to 90 columns in the display with the wide array of display options.

16. What are the events in ABAP/4 language?- Initialization, At selection-screen, Start-of-selection, end-of-selection, top-of-page, end-of-page, At line-selection, At user-command, At PF, Get, At New, At LAST, AT END, AT FIRST.

17. What is CTS and what do you know about it?- The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape. This documentation provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and deciding on a transport strategy. Read and follow this documentation when planning your development project.

18. What are logical databases? What are the advantages/ dis-advantages of logical databases?- To read data from a database tables we use logical database. A logical database provides read-only access to a group of related tables to an ABAP/4 program. Advantages: i)check functions which check that user input is complete, correct,and plausible. ii)Meaningful data selection. iii)central authorization checks for database accesses. iv)good read access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the application logic. dis advantages: i)If you donot specify a logical database in the program attributes,the GET events never occur. ii)There is no ENDGET command,so the code block associated with an event ends with the next event statement (such as another GET or an END-OF-SELECTION).

19. What is a batch input session?- BATCH INPUT SESSION is an intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with the action is stored in session ie data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed, program name behind it, and how next screen is processed.

20. How to upload data using CATT ?- These are the steps to be followed to Upload data through CATT: Creation of the CATT test case & recording the sample data input. Download of the source file template. Modification of the source file. Upload of the data from the source file.

21. What is Smart Forms?- Smart Forms allows you to create forms using a graphical design tool with robust functionality, color, and more. Additionally, all new forms developed at SAP will be created with the new Smart Form solution.

22. How can I make a differentiation between dependent and independent data?- Client dependent or independent transfer requirements include client specific or cross client objects in the change requests. Workbench objects like SAPscripts are client specific, some entries in customizing are client independent. If you display the object list for one change request, and then for each object the object attributes, you will find the flag client specific. If one object in the task list has this flag on, then that transport will be client dependent.

23. What is the difference between macro and subroutine? - Macros can only be used in the program the are defined in and only after the definition are expanded at compilation / generation. Subroutines (FORM) can be called from both the program the are defined in and other programs . A MACRO is more or less an abbreviation for some lines of code that are used more than once or twice. A FORM is a local subroutine (which can be called external). A FUNCTION is (more or less) a subroutine that is called external. Since debugging a MACRO is not really possible, prevent the use of them (I’ve never used them, but seen them in action). If the subroutine is used only local (called internal) use a FORM. If the subroutine is called external (used by more than one program) use a FUNCTION.

Please reward some points if it helps you.

Also, go through the following links :

http://www.sap-img.com/abap/more-than-100-abap-interview-faqs.htm

http://www.sapgenie.com/faq/abap.htm

varma_narayana · ‎08-21-2007

Hi...Find out the Answers....

1.what is the diff between sold -to- party and Ship-to-party?

Sold-to-party is the Customer who gives the Order (For Eg Tata Motors Mumbai Office gives the Order)

Ship-to-party is the Customer to whom the Order has to be delivered (For Eg Tata Motors Plant in Pune is where the Goods has to be Shipped)

2.In calltranction method h to declare errors?Anybody send me the exple Pgm?

Using BDCMSGCOLL Structure we have to declare an itab.

DATA : IT_MSG LIKE TABLE OF BDCMSGCOLL .

Then We can catch the messages using:

CALL TRANSACTION 'MK01'

USING IT_BDCDATA

MODE 'N'

MESSAGES INTO IT_MSG.

IF sy-subrc ne 0.

LOOP AT IT_MSG INTO WA_MSG

WHERE MSGTYP = 'E' OR MSGTYP = 'A'..

ENDLOOP.

3.Script is client dependent h to transfer another client(test,prod)How to process?

Using Program RSTXFCPY - We can copy Script from one Client to Another

4.How to declare colours in Alv?

5.Have u faced any critical issue? what type of object critical issue?How can i explain?

6.How to declare sum field in Alv?

In fieldcatalog set the Attribute DO_SUM = 'X'.

7.Which method is fast session or calltranction?

Session is better for bulk data.

Call transaction is better for small amounts of data(100s of records)

8.Why u choose calltransactionmethod?

Call transaction returns SY-SUBRC and Messages which are not returned in Session method.

9.In select-options i have declared foreignkey (like date)h to write select staement?

You can't use LIKE or TYPE in SELECT-OPTIONS . Only FOR is allowed

SELECT-OPTIONS :S_MATNR FOR MARA-MATNR.

SELECT * FROM MARA WHERE MATNR IN S_MATNR.

10.what is diffbetween list and Grid?

Grid allows the Records to be edited like Table control.

11. what is diff between AtNew and Onchange of statement?

AT NEW <field> : It is triggered if The Given field or Any of its Left side field's value changes.

ON CHANGE OF <field> : It is triggered ONLY if The Given field value changes.

12.What is purpose use reuse_alv_event in aLV?

This FM returns All the Possible events for a particular type of List.

<b>Reward points if Helpful.</b>

Former Member · ‎08-21-2007

Hi,

Hope it helps You.

Transaction SCC1 and give Transport Request. This will help to trasport between clients.

OR Use copy from clients. or use RSTXFCPY program to copy from clients.

LV LIST Can be coded using only FMs

ALV GRID Can be coded using FMs and object oriented concepts

ALV LIST Can be displayed hieraicharlly

ALV GRID cannot be displayed hierarichally

ALV grid uses ActiveX controls

present on the Presentation Server.

Hence, it consumes More Memory

on the presentation server.

ALV LIST is Display Only.

Whereas

ALV Grid Can Be made EDITABLE for entry purpose.

In alv grid, these options are possible,

but not in alv list.

without horizontal lines

without vertical lines

without cell merging during sorts

display total lines above the entries

It is purly based on ur business needs apart from number of records / log / time etc...

If u dont have any Subsequent / Preceding works for the document created then session is the best way....

Batch Input Session method is asynchronous as told by others here. But the advantage of this is that you have all the error messages and the data for each transaction held persistantly. You don't have to code anything for processing them or writing the logs.

But at the same time, the same feature can be disadvantageous if you need to react to an error or if there are too many errors to manually correct in a session. Since the session are created in the program and its execution is done seperately, you loose the trackability of such transactions.

With a call transaction, what was a disadvantage above will become an advantage. Call transaction immediately gives you messages back and you can react to it in your program. But the disadvantage is that, if you have several hundreds of transactions to run, running them from within the program can be resource crunching affair. It will hamper the system performance and you cannot really distribute the load. Of course, you have some mechanisms with which you can overcome this, but you will have to code for it. Also, storing the messages and storing the errored transaction data etc will have to be handled by you in the program. Whereas, in batch input session, your program's job is to just create the session, after that everything is standard SAP system's responsibility.

Ideally, you should do a call transaction if the resources are not a problem and if it fails, put the errored transaction into a session.

You can decide based on the data volume that your BDC is processing. If data volume is high go for session else call transaction will do.The call transaction updates will be instantaneous where as session needs to be processed explictly after creation.

ON CHANGE OF can be used outside of the loop..endloop.

but this command has become old and rarely used

instead we use AT NEW

to use AT NEW the itab has to be sorted by the fields that are used along with AT NEW.

this is mostly used to do SUM of the amounts and qty fields based on some key fields

see the sample code

<code>

DATA: sflight_tab TYPE SORTED TABLE OF sflight

WITH UNIQUE KEY carrid connid fldate,

sflight_wa LIKE LINE OF sflight_tab.

SELECT *

FROM sflight

INTO TABLE sflight_tab.

LOOP AT sflight_tab INTO sflight_wa.

AT NEW connid.

WRITE: / sflight_wa-carrid,

sflight_wa-connid.

ULINE.

ENDAT.

WRITE: / sflight_wa-fldate,

sflight_wa-seatsocc.

AT END OF connid.

SUM.

ULINE.

WRITE: / 'Sum',

sflight_wa-seatsocc UNDER sflight_wa-seatsocc.

SKIP.

ENDAT.

AT END OF carrid.

SUM.

ULINE.

WRITE: / 'Carrier Sum',

sflight_wa-seatsocc UNDER sflight_wa-seatsocc.

NEW-PAGE.

ENDAT.

AT LAST.

SUM.

WRITE: / 'Overall Sum',

sflight_wa-seatsocc UNDER sflight_wa-seatsocc.

ENDAT.

ENDLOOP.

</code>

http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=52107

EPORT YMS_COLOURALV NO STANDARD PAGE HEADING.

TYPE-POOLS: SLIS, ICON.

DATA: FIELDCAT TYPE SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV.

DATA: BEGIN OF IMARA OCCURS 0,

LIGHT(4) TYPE C,

MATNR TYPE MARA-MATNR,

MTART TYPE MARA-MTART,

MAKTX TYPE MAKT-MAKTX,

COLOR_LINE(4) TYPE C,

TCOLOR TYPE SLIS_T_SPECIALCOL_ALV, "cell

END OF IMARA.

DATA: XCOLOR TYPE SLIS_SPECIALCOL_ALV.

START-OF-SELECTION.

PERFORM GET_DATA.

PERFORM WRITE_REPORT.

************************************************************************

Get_Data

************************************************************************

FORM GET_DATA.

WRITE ICON_GREEN_LIGHT AS ICON TO IMARA-LIGHT.

IMARA-MATNR = 'ABC'.

IMARA-MTART = 'ZCFG'.

IMARA-MAKTX = 'This is description for ABC'.

APPEND IMARA.

WRITE ICON_YELLOW_LIGHT AS ICON TO IMARA-LIGHT.

IMARA-MATNR = 'DEF'.

IMARA-MTART = 'ZCFG'.

IMARA-MAKTX = 'This is description for DEF'.

APPEND IMARA.

WRITE ICON_RED_LIGHT AS ICON TO IMARA-LIGHT.

IMARA-MATNR = 'GHI'.

IMARA-MTART = 'ZCFG'.

IMARA-MAKTX = 'This is description for GHI'.

APPEND IMARA.

LOOP AT IMARA.

IF SY-TABIX = 1.

IMARA-COLOR_LINE = 'C410'. " color line

ENDIF.

IF SY-TABIX = 2. " color CELL

CLEAR XCOLOR.

XCOLOR-FIELDNAME = 'MTART'.

XCOLOR-COLOR-COL = '3'.

XCOLOR-COLOR-INT = '1'. " Intensified on/off

XCOLOR-COLOR-INV = '0'.

APPEND XCOLOR TO IMARA-TCOLOR.

ENDIF.

MODIFY IMARA.

ENDLOOP.

ENDFORM. "get_data

************************************************************************

WRITE_REPORT

************************************************************************

FORM WRITE_REPORT.

DATA: LAYOUT TYPE SLIS_LAYOUT_ALV.

LAYOUT-COLTAB_FIELDNAME = 'TCOLOR'.

LAYOUT-INFO_FIELDNAME = 'COLOR_LINE'.

PERFORM BUILD_FIELD_CATALOG.

CALL ABAP LIST VIEWER (ALV)

CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'

EXPORTING

IS_LAYOUT = LAYOUT

IT_FIELDCAT = FIELDCAT

TABLES

T_OUTTAB = IMARA.

ENDFORM. "write_report

************************************************************************

BUILD_FIELD_CATALOG

************************************************************************

FORM BUILD_FIELD_CATALOG.

DATA: FC_TMP TYPE SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV WITH HEADER LINE.

CLEAR: FIELDCAT. REFRESH: FIELDCAT.

CLEAR: FC_TMP.

FC_TMP-REPTEXT_DDIC = 'Status'.

FC_TMP-FIELDNAME = 'LIGHT'.

FC_TMP-TABNAME = 'IMARA'.

FC_TMP-OUTPUTLEN = '4'.

FC_TMP-ICON = 'X'.

APPEND FC_TMP TO FIELDCAT.

CLEAR: FC_TMP.

FC_TMP-REPTEXT_DDIC = 'Material Number'.

FC_TMP-FIELDNAME = 'MATNR'.

FC_TMP-TABNAME = 'IMARA'.

FC_TMP-OUTPUTLEN = '18'.

APPEND FC_TMP TO FIELDCAT.

CLEAR: FC_TMP.

FC_TMP-REPTEXT_DDIC = 'Material Type'.

FC_TMP-FIELDNAME = 'MTART'.

FC_TMP-TABNAME = 'IMARA'.

FC_TMP-OUTPUTLEN = '10'.

APPEND FC_TMP TO FIELDCAT.

CLEAR: FC_TMP.

FC_TMP-REPTEXT_DDIC = 'Material'.

FC_TMP-FIELDNAME = 'MAKTX'.

FC_TMP-TABNAME = 'IMARA'.

FC_TMP-OUTPUTLEN = '40'.

FC_TMP-EMPHASIZE = 'C610'. " color column

APPEND FC_TMP TO FIELDCAT.

ENDFORM. "build_field_catalog

EUSE_ALV_EVENTS_GET:

Returns table of possible events for a a list type

1. Import:

Et_Events :

The event table is returned with all possible CALLBACK events for the specified list type (column ‘NAME’). For events to be processed by the Callback, their ‘FORM’ field must be filled. If the field is initialized, the event is ignored. The entry can be read from the event table, the field ‘FORM’ filled and the entry modified using constants from the type pool SLIS.

2. Export:

I_list_type:

0 = simple list REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY

1 = hierarchical-sequential list

REUSE_ALV_HIERSEQ_LIST_DISPLAY

2 = simple block list REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_APPEND

3 = hierarchical-sequential block list

REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_HS_APPEND

REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE

This is used in the Top-of-page event to print the headings and other

comments for the list.

It_list_commentary : Internal table with the headings of the type

slis_t_listheader.

This internal table has three fields:

Typ : ‘H’ - header, ‘S’ - selection, ‘A’ - action

Key : only when typ is ‘S’.

Info : the text to be printed

in alv when u populate your field catalog set the 'DOSUM' as 'X' for that field .

say fieldcatalog-DOSUM = 'X'

for the DOSUM to work your it should be used for integer or quantity field

<code>

y using the BDCMSGCOLL you can get only messages ,but if you want to get erro reords you have use one more function module FORMAT_MESSAGE

************************

use this code

CALL TRANSACTION tcode USING i_bdcdata MODE l_mode

UPDATE upd_n

MESSAGES INTO err_data.

*

IF NOT err_data[] IS INITIAL.

LOOP AT err_data WHERE msgtyp EQ 'S' OR msgtyp EQ 'E'.

CALL FUNCTION 'FORMAT_MESSAGE'

EXPORTING

id = err_data-msgid

lang = 'E'

no = err_data-msgnr

v1 = err_data-msgv1

v2 = err_data-msgv2

v3 = err_data-msgv3

v4 = err_data-msgv4

IMPORTING

msg = v_text

EXCEPTIONS

not_found = 1

OTHERS = 2.

IF sy-subrc <> 0.

MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.

ENDIF.

ENDLOOP.

****************

(OR)

After CALL transaction ,If sy-subrc ne 0

move those records into one internal table....

================================================

REPORT ZBDC_TRANSACTION1 .

*----

TO STORE THE MESSAGE

*----

DATA: V_MSG(100).

*----

DECLARATION OF INTERNAL TABLE

*----

DATA: BEGIN OF ITAB OCCURS 0,

MBRSH LIKE RMMG1-MBRSH,

MTART LIKE RMMG1-MTART,

MATNR LIKE RMMG1_REF-MATNR,

KZSEL1 LIKE MSICHTAUSW-KZSEL,

KZSEL2 LIKE MSICHTAUSW-KZSEL,

MAKTX LIKE MAKT-MAKTX,

MEINS LIKE MARA-MEINS,

MATKL LIKE MARA-MATKL,

MTPOS_MARA LIKE MARA-MTPOS_MARA,

END OF ITAB.

*----

DECLARATION OF INTERNAL TABLE FOR BDCDATA

*----

DATA: BDCITAB LIKE BDCDATA OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.

*----

DECLARATION OF INTERNAL TABLE FOR BDCMSGCOLL

*----

DATA: BDCMSG LIKE BDCMSGCOLL OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.

*----

DECLARATION OF INTERNAL TABLE TO STORE ALL MESSAGES

*----

DATA: BEGIN OF MSGTAB OCCURS 0,

MSG(100),

END OF MSGTAB.

*----

SELECTION SCREEN

*----

SELECTION-SCREEN: BEGIN OF BLOCK B1 WITH FRAME TITLE TEXT-001.

PARAMETERS: P_FILE LIKE RLGRAP-FILENAME OBLIGATORY

DEFAULT 'C:\WINDOWS\DESKTOP\'.

PARAMETERS: R_APP RADIOBUTTON GROUP G1 DEFAULT 'X',

R_PRE RADIOBUTTON GROUP G1.

PARAMETERS: P_MSGFIL LIKE RLGRAP-FILENAME DEFAULT 'SAI-MSG.TXT'.

SELECTION-SCREEN: END OF BLOCK B1.

*----

START OF SELECTION

*----

FIRST UPLOAD THE FILE

*----

PERFORM UPLOAD_FILE.

CHECK IF DATA IS AVAILABLE IN INTERNAL TABLE OR NOT

IF NOT ITAB[] IS INITIAL.

LOOP AT ITAB.

FIRST POPULATE BDC INTERNAL TABLE

PERFORM POPULATE_BDCDATA.

CALL THE TRANSACTION TO UPDATE THE DATA

PERFORM UPDATE_BDCDATA.

NOW WRITE THE MESSAGES POPULATED ON TO THE SCREEN

PERFORM WRITE_MESSAGES.

REFRESH THE BDCITAB INTERNAL TABLE

REFRESH BDCITAB.

REFRESH THE BDCMSG INTERNAL TABLE

REFRESH BDCMSG.

ENDLOOP.

NOW START DOWNLOADING THE MESSAGES

IF R_APP = 'X'. "START DOWNLOADING MESSAGES INTO APP. SERVER

PERFORM DOWNLOAD_MSG_INTO_APPSERV.

ELSE. "START DOWNLOADING MESSAGES INTO PRE. LAYER

PERFORM DOWNLOAD_MSG_INTO_PRESERV.

ENDIF.

ELSE.

WRITE:/ 'NO DATA FOUND TO UPDATE DATABASE'.

ENDIF.

REFRESH THE MSGTAB INTERNAL TABLE

REFRESH MSGTAB.

&----

*& Form UPLOAD_FILE

&----

TO UPLOAD THE FILE MENTIONED IN THE SCREEN

----

FORM UPLOAD_FILE.

CALL THE FUNCTION WS_UPLOAD TO UPLOAD DATA FROM FILE TO INTERNAL TABLE

CALL FUNCTION 'WS_UPLOAD'

EXPORTING

FILENAME = P_FILE

FILETYPE = 'ASC'

TABLES

DATA_TAB = ITAB

EXCEPTIONS

CONVERSION_ERROR = 1

FILE_OPEN_ERROR = 2

FILE_READ_ERROR = 3

INVALID_TYPE = 4

NO_BATCH = 5

UNKNOWN_ERROR = 6

INVALID_TABLE_WIDTH = 7

GUI_REFUSE_FILETRANSFER = 8

CUSTOMER_ERROR = 9

OTHERS = 10

.

IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.

MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO

WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.

ENDIF.

ENDFORM. " UPLOAD_FILE

&----

*& Form POPULATE_BDCDATA

&----

TO POPULATE BDCITAB INTERNAL TABLE

----

FORM POPULATE_BDCDATA.

----

WRITE THE FIRST SCREEN NAME, SCREEN NUMBER IN THE FIRST ROW

----

PERFORM WRITE_DATA USING : 'SAPLMGMM' '0060' 'X',

----

WRITE THE VALUES IN THE FIELDS GIVEN BELOW IN THE FIRST SCREEN
RMMG1-MBRSH
RMMG1-MTART
RMMG1_REF-MATNR

----

: 'RMMG1-MBRSH' ITAB-MBRSH SPACE,

: 'RMMG1-MTART' ITAB-MTART SPACE,

: 'RMMG1_REF-MATNR' ITAB-MATNR SPACE,

----

WRITE THE OK_CODE SO AS TO GET TO THE NEXT SCREEN

----

: 'BDC_OKCODE' '=AUSW' SPACE,

----

NOW GO TO THE NEXT SCREEN TO ENTER VALUES IN OTHER FIELDS

----

: 'SAPLMGMM' '0070' 'X',

----

WRITE THE VALUES IN THE FIELDS GIVEN BELOW IN THE NEXT SCREEN
MSICHTAUSW-KZSEL(01)
MSICHTAUSW-KZSEL(02)

----

: 'MSICHTAUSW-KZSEL(01)' ITAB-KZSEL1 SPACE,

: 'MSICHTAUSW-KZSEL(02)' ITAB-KZSEL2 SPACE,

----

WRITE THE OK_CODE SO AS TO GET TO THE NEXT SCREEN

----

: 'BDC_OKCODE' '=ENTR' SPACE,

----

NOW GO TO THE NEXT SCREEN TO ENTER VALUES IN OTHER FIELDS

----

: 'SAPLMGMM' '4004' 'X',

----

WRITE THE VALUES IN THE FIELDS GIVEN BELOW IN THE NEXT SCREEN
MAKT-MAKTX
MARA-MEINS
MARA-MATKL
MARA-MTPOS_MARA

----

: 'MAKT-MAKTX' ITAB-MAKTX SPACE,

: 'MARA-MEINS' ITAB-MEINS SPACE,

: 'MARA-MATKL' ITAB-MATKL SPACE,

: 'MARA-MTPOS_MARA' ITAB-MTPOS_MARA SPACE,

----

NOW WRITE THE OK_CODE TO SAVE THE DATA

----

: 'BDC_OKCODE' '=BU' SPACE.

ENDFORM. " POPULATE_BDCDATA

&----

*& Form POPULATE_BDCDATA

&----

TO POPULATE BDCITAB INTERNAL TABLE

----

FORM WRITE_DATA USING TXT1 TXT2 FLAG.

IF FLAG = 'X'.

BDCITAB-PROGRAM = TXT1.

BDCITAB-DYNPRO = TXT2.

BDCITAB-DYNBEGIN = 'X'.

ELSE.

BDCITAB-FNAM = TXT1.

BDCITAB-FVAL = TXT2.

ENDIF.

APPEND BDCITAB.

CLEAR BDCITAB.

ENDFORM.

&----

*& Form UPDATE_BDCDATA

&----

THIS IS USEFUL TO CALL THE TRANSACTION AND UPDATE THE DATABASE

----

FORM UPDATE_BDCDATA.

CALL THE TRANSSACTION TO UPDATE THE DATA

CALL TRANSACTION 'MM01' "MATERIAL MANAGEMENT SCREEN

USING BDCITAB "ALREADY POPULATED BDCDATA STRUCTURE

MODE 'A' "TO SHOW ALL SCREENS

UPDATE 'S' "TO UPDATE DATA SYNCHORNOUSLY

MESSAGES INTO BDCMSG. "POPULATE ALL MESSAGES INTO BDCMSG TABLE

ENDFORM. " UPDATE_BDCDATA

&----

*& Form WRITE_MESSAGES

&----

TO WRITE THE MESSAGES POPULATED IN BDCMSG INTERNAL TABLE

----

FORM WRITE_MESSAGES.

LOOP AT BDCMSG.

TO FORMAT ALL MESSAGES INTO A SINGLE MESSAGES

CALL FUNCTION 'FORMAT_MESSAGE'

EXPORTING

ID = BDCMSG-MSGID

LANG = SY-LANGU

NO = BDCMSG-MSGNR

V1 = BDCMSG-MSGV1

V2 = BDCMSG-MSGV2

V3 = BDCMSG-MSGV3

V4 = BDCMSG-MSGV4

IMPORTING

MSG = V_MSG

EXCEPTIONS

NOT_FOUND = 1

OTHERS = 2

.

IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.

MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO

WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.

ELSE.

WRITE THE MESSAGE ON TO THE SCREEN

CONCATENATE BDCMSG-MSGTYP ':' V_MSG INTO V_MSG.

NOW ADD THE MESSAGE TO THE MSG INTERNAL TABLE

MSGTAB-MSG = V_MSG.

APPEND MSGTAB.

CLEAR MSGTAB.

WRITE:/ V_MSG.

ENDIF.

ENDLOOP.

ENDFORM. " WRITE_MESSAGES

&----

*& Form DOWNLOAD_MSG_INTO_APPSERV

&----

TO DOWNLOAD ALL MESSAGES INTO APPLICATION SERVER AS A FILE

----

FORM DOWNLOAD_MSG_INTO_APPSERV.

OPEN DATASET P_MSGFIL FOR OUTPUT IN TEXT MODE.

IF SY-SUBRC = 0.

LOOP AT MSGTAB.

TRANSFER MSGTAB TO P_MSGFIL.

ENDLOOP.

CLOSE DATASET P_MSGFIL.

ENDIF.

ENDFORM. " DOWNLOAD_MSG_INTO_APPSERV

&----

*& Form DOWNLOAD_MSG_INTO_PRESERV

&----

DOWNLOAD MESSAGES INTO PRESENTATION LAYER MACHINE

----

FORM DOWNLOAD_MSG_INTO_PRESERV.

CALL FUNCTION 'WS_DOWNLOAD'

EXPORTING

FILENAME = P_MSGFIL

FILETYPE = 'ASC'

TABLES

DATA_TAB = MSGTAB

EXCEPTIONS

FILE_OPEN_ERROR = 1

FILE_WRITE_ERROR = 2

INVALID_FILESIZE = 3

INVALID_TYPE = 4

NO_BATCH = 5

UNKNOWN_ERROR = 6

INVALID_TABLE_WIDTH = 7

GUI_REFUSE_FILETRANSFER = 8

CUSTOMER_ERROR = 9

OTHERS = 10

.

IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.

MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO

WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.

ENDIF.

ENDFORM. " DOWNLOAD_MSG_INTO_PRESERV

</code>

sold to party: the partner or the customer to whom u are selling.

ship tp party - the partner or the customer to whom u are shipping the goods

i hope these definitions explain their difference.

first person is the one who buys, and the second is the one to whom u are shipping the goods.

we use these terms (partner functions) in SD module.

Reward points if you find helpful.

Thanks & Regards,

Rajesh

Message was edited by:

rajesh pattnaik

kiran_k8 · ‎08-21-2007

Hi,

2.In calltranction method h to declare errors?Anybody send me the exple Pgm?

call transaction we need to handle the errors explicitly by delcaring an internal table of structure BDCMSGCOLL and the same can be displayed using Fn Module

FORMAT_MESSAGE.

3.Script is client dependent h to transfer another client(test,prod)How to process?

By using SCC1 transaction we can transfer scripts from one client to the other.

5.Have u faced any critical issue? what type of object critical issue?How can i explain?

You can consider a situation which you found challenging and explaing the same how you handled it.

6.How to declare sum field in Alv?

ALV report itself provides us to SUM and Subtotal by just pressing the Aggregatio and Subtotals button.But you need to select a field based on which you wanna do the subtotals.

7.Which method is fast session or calltranction?

Call Transaction.

8.Why u choose calltransactionmethod?

When the amount of data to be processed is less.

12.What is purpose use reuse_alv_event in aLV?

To handle events like top of page and end of page we use the abve said funtion module.

K.Kiran.